1955: Zhukov Advises CPSU on Soviet Troop Withdrawal from Austria, Bolsters the Warsaw Pact

On 15 May 1955, the Austrian State Treaty was signed, thereby re-establishing Austria as a free, independent, and democratic sovereign state after World War II. The treaty was signed by the Allied occupying powers (the United States, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and France) and the Austrian government, and officially ended the joint foreignContinueContinue reading “1955: Zhukov Advises CPSU on Soviet Troop Withdrawal from Austria, Bolsters the Warsaw Pact”

Top Secret Message to Stalin Captures Chiang Kai-shek’s Emotional Response to Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor

On 8 December 1941, the day after Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor and America’s subsequent declaration of war, Soviet Ambassador to China Aleksandr Panyushkin was called to meet Chinese leader Chiang Kai-Shek and Minister of Foreign Affairs Guo Taiqi to receive a personal message to be conveyed to Soviet leader Josef Stalin. The message spellsContinueContinue reading “Top Secret Message to Stalin Captures Chiang Kai-shek’s Emotional Response to Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor”